This descriptive study utilizes the hypermasculinity approach using textual analysis. This method brings out various indicators of hypermasculinity traits in Shakespeare’s Macbeth. The hypermasculinity traits that served as the criteria for the critique are categorized into three (3) based on the levels of hypermasculinity, namely: Coldness: stoicism, relational cut-off, fearlessness; Sociopathy: vanity, manipulation, selfishness, irrationality; and Hostility: violence, hyper-aggression, perverseness were sourced out from Hypermasculinity Inventory of Mosher and Sirkin. Results have shown that all the levels of Hypermasculinity such as Coldness, Sociopathy, and Hostility were visible in the character of Macbeth, and no evidence was found concerning Banquo and Malcolm. It proved that the play emphasizes various acts that demonstrate hypermasculinity anchored from the data gathered, thus strengthening textual evidence. Hence, the play Macbeth focuses on the idea that being a “real man” means being strong, brave, loyal, compassionate, and honorable instead of violent and stoic.

Keywords: Hypermasculinity, Coldness, Sociopathy, Hostility.

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The Philippines’ educational leaders find the modular learning approach as a feasible solution to continue education. In a modular approach, students learn without, or with minimum motivation and guidance from a teacher. The learners must be able to draw knowledge and accomplish tasks; hence, they need self-efficacy to successfully finish their tasks and responsibilities and achieve high academic performance. This study sought to measure the level of self-efficacy and academic performance of the first-year BSIT students in the modular learning approach. A quantitative descriptive research design was employed. Findings showed that students maintained a high level of self-efficacy despite being left alone in the learning process. Similarly, the level of academic performance is very satisfactory which means that students carried on the tasks in every module and successfully passed the challenges in every module. The correlation between self-efficacy and academic performance of the first-year year BSIT students is P=.442**, which means that there is a positive, moderate correlation between the two variables. Looking at the potential advantages that modular learning may bring to the educational system of the country, educational leaders must look deeper into this matter.

Keywords: Academic Performance, Modular Learning, Pandemic Education.

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This case study was conducted in one of the private schools in Bacolod City to examine the lived experiences, practices, characteristics, and difficulties of 12 Grade 8 Students during the conduct of the Mathematics Peer Tutoring Program, six (6) of whom were tutors, and six (6) were tutees. The findings of this study may help educators gain insight on how to foster mathematics proficiency through Peer Tutoring and build a Community of Practice that provides a venue for learners to achieve cognitive and behavioral development. A qualitative study of in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, observations, and journaling helped depict the participants’ experiences implementing the Mathematics Peer Tutoring Program. Creswell’s Six-Step Procedure of Qualitative Data Analysis was used to generate the themes, namely: Employment of Pre-Assessment Strategies; Development of Mathematical Proficiency; Selection of Conducive Learning Environment; Provision of Motivation for Better Learning Engagement; Strengthening Learning through Corroboration and Collaboration; Test to Test; Proof of Good Conduct; Behavioral Disengagement; The Ripple Effect of Behaviors to Peers; Behavioral Maturation; Stumbling Blocks to Conquer; Strive Against the Odds; and Unwrapping Challenge as Takeaways. The three generated themes to discuss the practices, characteristics, and difficulties: Creating a Community of Learners that Practice Learning Competence; The Impact of Behavior on Academic. Success; and Prevailing over Difficulties. This study revealed that students who engaged in group learning activities such as peer tutoring had a greater understanding of mathematics principles and skills. The findings also showed that the morale and commitment of students were developed, and students became open to developing solutions when confronted with adversity in the program.

Keywords: Peer-Tutoring, Case Study, Mathematics Peer Tutoring Program, Community of Practice.

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This study explores the complex dynamics of terrorism, emphasizing how important it is to have a thorough grasp of its causes, mechanisms, and effects. Understanding the complexity of terrorist activity is essential for developing successful counterterrorism efforts in a time when terrorism influences both internal and international relations. This study conducts a thorough analysis of the development of terrorism, highlighting significant patterns, figures, and approaches that characterize this worldwide menace. It examines the psychological effects on both communities and people as well as the ideological, socioeconomic, and geopolitical variables that encourage terrorism through an interdisciplinary approach. The study emphasizes how crucial intelligence gathering, community involvement, and international collaboration are to thwarting and countering terrorist threats. This report attempts to give stakeholders sophisticated insights into counterterrorism policy-making by analyzing the operational characteristics of terrorist groups & the countermeasures used by states and organizations. In the end, it is said that knowing the dynamics underlying terrorism is essential to maintaining national security and promoting world peace in the twenty-first century.

Keywords: Counter-Terrorism, Security, Technology.

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The lockdown has already started showing us the adverse effects on the unorganized sector workers. The exodus of migrant workers as widely seen over social media and reported in various news reports is the fallout of the crisis. India has about 40-50 million seasonal migrant workers who work in construction sites, factory production and service activities. Since businesses are closed and establishments are shut, migrant workers have run out of work and are seen returning to their native places. Some have reportedly died returning on foot due to the suspension of busses and trains. Some are stuck in places of their work. With no work, no income or savings, it is extremely difficult for them and their dependent families to survive. A recent survey of migrant workers by a Delhi-based NGO Jan Sahas has found that 90% of those surveyed have already lost their only source of income, while 42% of them did not have food rations for a single day. Another survey of 11,000 workers has found that 96% of them have not received food rations from the governments and 89% have not been paid by their employees during the lockdown. This paper discusses about the effect of lockdown on the unorganized sector businesses as well as workers.

Keywords: COVID-19, Worker, Lockdown, Unorganized Sector.

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Slums are densely inhabited metropolitan areas that are often marked by unauthorised settlements, overcrowding, and other concerns including law enforcement challenges, inadequate physical including mental health conditions, and low living standards. Disproportionate developmental initiatives among countries and the allocation of resources mostly in urban regions have led to a significant increase in rural-urban migration. The likelihood of lifelong health or illness is set in childhood. A healthy diet throughout childhood and life protects against nutritional imbalances, malnutrition and malnourishment, as well as chronic health conditions considering heart problems, diabetes, stroke and cancer. When a growing body receives the nourishment it needs, it lays the groundwork for a strong brain structure and all the physical, social, including emotional abilities that come with it. And optimal nutrition is particularly important in the first years of life. Without a nutrient-rich diet, children are considering more likely in die before reaching age 5. More than five million children died before age of 5 in 2018, and 45 percent of those deaths were linked to undernutrition. Because children growing up in poverty don’t get the food and nutrition they need to develop properly, tens of millions considering children under age 5 are severely wasted (low weight-for-height) and hundreds of millions are stunted (low height-for-age). This paper deals about the child health and development of slum area.

Keywords: Child Health and Development, Slum Area, Urban Area.

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William Butler Yeats (1865-1929) is often considered the last of Romantics for continuing the Romantic tradition. Yeats began as one of the last Romantics and retained this title till the end, modifying and extending his native cultural and literary traditions. Alike other modernist writers, the poet did not draw his images from the industrial and urban life and did not elevate them to the height of poetic passion but used the current living language along the line of the Romantic poet William Wordsworth so as to enable the masses to understand and appreciate his contents and concerns.  Yeats received the Romantic tradition of love from the Romantic tradition of 19^th century and the Renaissance courtly culture. His early poetry is predominantly characterized by the Renaissance virtues of courtly culture such as courtesy, grace, proportion, decorum, decorated code of conduct. In the early poetry, Maud as a dream woman is imaged with motherland. In the poems about Ireland, Maud is placed on the high pedestal, highlighting her as a symbol and source of proud and timeless beauty.  In the Rose Poems, Maud is romanticized and immortalized as muse, goddess or a perfect being and beauty, visualizing her endowed with such attributes as dignity, liveliness and beauty essential for her to be qualified as his great love.

Keywords: Romantic Tradition, Renaissance, Courtly Tradition, Modernism, Pre-Raphaelite.

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William Butler Yeats (1865-1929) is often considered the last of Romantics for continuing the Romantic tradition. Yeats began as one of the last Romantics and retained this title till the end, modifying and extending his native cultural and literary traditions. Alike other modernist writers, the poet did not draw his images from the industrial and urban life and did not elevate them to the height of poetic passion but used the current living language along the line of the Romantic poet William Wordsworth so as to enable the masses to understand and appreciate his contents and concerns.  Yeats received the Romantic tradition of love from the Romantic tradition of 19^th century and the Renaissance courtly culture. His early poetry is predominantly characterized by the Renaissance virtues of courtly culture such as courtesy, grace, proportion, decorum, decorated code of conduct. In the early poetry, Maud as a dream woman is imaged with motherland. In the poems about Ireland, Maud is placed on the high pedestal, highlighting her as a symbol and source of proud and timeless beauty.  In the Rose Poems, Maud is romanticized and immortalized as muse, goddess or a perfect being and beauty, visualizing her endowed with such attributes as dignity, liveliness and beauty essential for her to be qualified as his great love.

Keywords: Romantic Tradition, Renaissance, Courtly Tradition, Modernism, Pre-Raphaelite.

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This study aimed to identify how the transformational leadership behaviors are being practiced by the faculty respondents and examined if the respondents possessed the ten (10) Transformational Leadership characteristics as predictors of the institutional productivity of the College/Program during the last academic year 2019-2020, in terms of  program level of accreditation or State Universities and Colleges (SUCs) Leveling. The results showed that majority of the colleges/programs have claimed the Level III accreditation.  It means that these colleges are very good in undertaking the functions of a state university/college but fall short of the qualities of a Level IV SUC which is the main implication of this study. A descriptive correlational methodology was employed in this study. Specifically, an online survey was used to facilitate the data collection process from 74 respondents representing different campuses of Bulacan State University. Theoretically, this study conceptualized and empirically assessed the transformational leadership practices, such as idealized influence, intellectual stimulation, inspirational motivation, and individualized consideration–separately; as well as the leadership characteristics of the school administrators and faculty members of Bulacan State University. Specifically, it empirically assessed how these factors impact the institutional productivity in terms of program level of accreditation in the higher educational institutions. Practically, this research confirms that transformational leadership practices and leadership characteristics have significant relationships and deemed predictors of institutional productivity in higher educational institutions in terms of various parameters incorporated in the program accreditation instrument. It includes the effectiveness of the program’s curriculum and instruction, such as the licensure performance of graduates, employability, feedback from employers and many more indicators, so as to claim the higher level of accreditation. This study also proposed an enhanced educational leadership program for institutional productivity in higher educational institutions. The findings of this study can make different valuable contributions to higher educational institutions.

Keywords: Transformational Leadership, Leadership Practices, Leadership Characteristics, Predictors, Institutional Productivity, Higher Educational Institutions.

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The use of the English language in the Philippines dates back to 1898 when the Americans colonized the country, resulting to the birth of a nativized variety called Philippine English. Despite the fact that Philippine English is widely used across the country today, its acceptability remains a debate especially in language teaching in the Philippines. Thus, the study aimed to provide insight into the beliefs of English teachers in higher education about the use of Philippine English in the ESL classroom, their experiences, and the pedagogical practices they employ as an attempt to encourage or discourage the use of Philippine English among learners. The study utilized a set of predetermined questions in the mediated interview conducted to gain insights from the key informants. Then, thematic analysis was employed to identify and analyze the data gathered. The findings revealed that many teachers and students lack knowledge and awareness about Philippine English, its features, and why it is worth recognizing as a legitimate variety. Moreover, while ESL teachers recognize Philippine English as a legitimate variety and accept it in speaking, they still believe that American English should be the basis in writing because the standards in speaking and writing are different. Finally, a pedagogical guide was designed to provide training or orientation to educators about language variations, specifically Philippine English.

Keywords: Philippine English, World Englishes, Language Variation, Pedagogical Practices.

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